Bakelite
Bakelite is a synthetic resin registered in a trademark invented in 1907 by Belgian -born American chemist Leo Hendrik Baekeland.
Plastic that is firm, frustrating and chemically resistant. Bakelite is two mixtures obtained from Call tar and wood alcohol (methanol) at the time, based on a chemical combination of phenol and formaldehyde (phenol formaldehyde). This was the first true synthetic resin, which was a bigger advancement than the previous plastic, which was modified.
Bakelite has excellent insulation, and has been used for parts of power industries and home appliances instead of shellac and hard rubber.
In the 1920s, it was widely used for knobs, dials, circuit panels, and radio cabinets, and were used for car electrical systems.
In the 1930s, the cast bakelite enjoyed the fashion with colorful costume jewelry and novelty, along with many other competing phenol resins.
The beginning of the modern plastic industry is often considered the first patent application of Bakland in 1907 and the General Baklite in 1910. In 1872, German chemist Adolf Von Baeyer conducted a phenol resin experiment, but it was not worth it just making viscous liquids and dull solids. It was Bakeran that succeeded in manufacturing the first synthetic resin by controlling the controlled reaction between phenol and formaldehyde. Bakland was still able to stop the reaction in the state of the liquid, which was called the A stage. A resin (resort) could be used as it was to use as it was, and it was possible to bring it to a solid B stage (resitol). The registerol was hardly melted, crushed and powdered, softened with heat, and made it the final shape with a mold. The stage of both a and B could be brought to the stage of the thermos stoose C (bakelite C or true bakelight), which was completely cured by being heated under the pressure.
In 1909, Bakland published his invention for the first time in a lecture at the New York Branch of the United States Chemicals. By 1910, Bakeland established a semi -commercial production system at his laboratory, and in 1911, General Baklite began operating in Perserzy, New Jersey, USA. In the plastic market in which celluloid, a very flammable material that is easy to dissolve and softened with heat, the bakelight can be immediately accepted because it is insoluble and injected. Furthermore, this resin was able to be improved by incorporating various fillers in order to allow considerable inert components. Wood powder was preferred for general molding parts, but other filling materials such as cotton flock, asbestos, and chopped fabric were used if heat resistance, impact strength, and electrical characteristics were needed. To create a laminated structure, the sheet of the paper or cloth was impregnated with an alcohol solution, heated under pressure to form a tough and hard aggregate. Bakelite products were almost unclear and dark because of the filling and reinforced materials.
In 1927, the Bakelite patent expired. In the consumer market that has grown since the 1930s, bakelite competes with new thermoplastic resins such as urea formaldehyde and melamine formaldehyde, as well as new thermoplastic resins such as cellulose acetate, plastic chloride, polymethyl metalrate, and polystylene. Faced. These new plastic could be used to manufacture household goods with virtually all colors and various transparency. In 1939, Baekeland sold a Bakelite trademark to Union Carbide and Carbon Corporation (currently Union Carbide Corporation). Union Carbide sold a trademark to Georgia Pacific in 1992, and the company used bakelights as plywood and particle board adhesives. Bakelite is still used for domino, mahjong tiles, checkers, chess pieces, etc.
Plastic that is firm, frustrating and chemically resistant. Bakelite is two mixtures obtained from Call tar and wood alcohol (methanol) at the time, based on a chemical combination of phenol and formaldehyde (phenol formaldehyde). This was the first true synthetic resin, which was a bigger advancement than the previous plastic, which was modified.
Bakelite has excellent insulation, and has been used for parts of power industries and home appliances instead of shellac and hard rubber.
In the 1920s, it was widely used for knobs, dials, circuit panels, and radio cabinets, and were used for car electrical systems.
In the 1930s, the cast bakelite enjoyed the fashion with colorful costume jewelry and novelty, along with many other competing phenol resins.
The beginning of the modern plastic industry is often considered the first patent application of Bakland in 1907 and the General Baklite in 1910. In 1872, German chemist Adolf Von Baeyer conducted a phenol resin experiment, but it was not worth it just making viscous liquids and dull solids. It was Bakeran that succeeded in manufacturing the first synthetic resin by controlling the controlled reaction between phenol and formaldehyde. Bakland was still able to stop the reaction in the state of the liquid, which was called the A stage. A resin (resort) could be used as it was to use as it was, and it was possible to bring it to a solid B stage (resitol). The registerol was hardly melted, crushed and powdered, softened with heat, and made it the final shape with a mold. The stage of both a and B could be brought to the stage of the thermos stoose C (bakelite C or true bakelight), which was completely cured by being heated under the pressure.
In 1909, Bakland published his invention for the first time in a lecture at the New York Branch of the United States Chemicals. By 1910, Bakeland established a semi -commercial production system at his laboratory, and in 1911, General Baklite began operating in Perserzy, New Jersey, USA. In the plastic market in which celluloid, a very flammable material that is easy to dissolve and softened with heat, the bakelight can be immediately accepted because it is insoluble and injected. Furthermore, this resin was able to be improved by incorporating various fillers in order to allow considerable inert components. Wood powder was preferred for general molding parts, but other filling materials such as cotton flock, asbestos, and chopped fabric were used if heat resistance, impact strength, and electrical characteristics were needed. To create a laminated structure, the sheet of the paper or cloth was impregnated with an alcohol solution, heated under pressure to form a tough and hard aggregate. Bakelite products were almost unclear and dark because of the filling and reinforced materials.
In 1927, the Bakelite patent expired. In the consumer market that has grown since the 1930s, bakelite competes with new thermoplastic resins such as urea formaldehyde and melamine formaldehyde, as well as new thermoplastic resins such as cellulose acetate, plastic chloride, polymethyl metalrate, and polystylene. Faced. These new plastic could be used to manufacture household goods with virtually all colors and various transparency. In 1939, Baekeland sold a Bakelite trademark to Union Carbide and Carbon Corporation (currently Union Carbide Corporation). Union Carbide sold a trademark to Georgia Pacific in 1992, and the company used bakelights as plywood and particle board adhesives. Bakelite is still used for domino, mahjong tiles, checkers, chess pieces, etc.